I am by no means an expert but multi layer shell bearings were developed to (a)
provide a shell backing to allow ease of having spares on hand, consistent
sizing and ease of replacement. No machining of the bearing assembly. (b) the
backing layer is harder and has a higher load carring capacity, therefore made
of different materials. (c) the facing material is relatively softer so that
small imputities that come with the lubrication oil can be embedded in the
bearing material rather than scour the crankshaft journal.
Generally it is better to replace worn bearings rather than grind cranks.
Inspection of well lubricated but worn bearings will often show the different
colours of the soft layer at the joint line and the load carrying backing as a
different colour underneath.
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